本书是指导初学者学习计算机信息技术的入门书籍，以实际应用为出发点，通过合理的结构和大量来源于实际工作的精彩实例，全面涵盖了读者在使用计算机进行日常信息技术处理过程中所遇到的问题及其解决方案。全书共11 个项目，分别讲解信息技术基础、Windows 10 操作系统、文档处理、电子表格处理、演示文稿制作、信息检索、信息素养与社会责任、新一代信息技术概述、信息安全、程序设计基础、人工智能。本书按照信息技术相关内容进行谋篇布局，内容通俗易懂，操作步骤详细，适合各层次院校师生、公司人员、政府工作人员使用，也可作为信息技术爱好者的参考用书。

林风人，男，中共党员，副教授，现就职于福州职业技术学院信息工程学院，主要负责软件工程、大数据应用技术专业教学工作及教学管理工作，现任全国工业和信息化职业教育教学指导委员会通信职业教育教学指导分委员会成果转化专委会委员。

项目1 信息技术基础 ··························································································.1
1.1 认识信息技术 ·····················································································.2
1.1.1 信息技术的概念 ··········································································.2
1.1.2 人类社会发展进程中的信息技术 ·····················································.2
1.1.3 信息技术的意义 ··········································································.3
1.2 计算机的发展 ·····················································································.3
1.2.1 计算机的概念 ·············································································.3
1.2.2 计算机的发展历程 ·······································································.4
1.2.3 计算机的发展趋势 ·······································································.6
1.3 计算机的分类、特点与应用领域 ·····························································.9
1.3.1 计算机的分类 ·············································································.9
1.3.2 计算机的特点 ············································································.11
1.3.3 计算机的应用领域 ······································································.11
1.4 计算机系统 ·······················································································.12
1.4.1 计算机硬件系统 ·········································································.13
1.4.2 计算机软件系统 ·········································································.17
1.4.3 计算机的主要性能指标 ································································.18
1.5 计算机的数据转换 ··············································································.19
1.5.1 数据的存储单位 ·········································································.20
1.5.2 计算机的计数制 ·········································································.20
1.5.3 进制数间的相互转换 ···································································.22
1.6 计算机内部的信息表示与输入 ·······························································.25
1.6.1 计算机内部信息编码 ···································································.25
1.6.2 键盘 ························································································.27
1.6.3 汉字输入 ··················································································.29
项目2 Windows 10 操作系统 ············································································.33
2.1 操作系统概述 ····················································································.34
2.1.1 操作系统的功能 ·········································································.34
2.1.2 操作系统的主要特征 ···································································.34
2.1.3 操作系统的分类 ·········································································.35
2.1.4 常用操作系统 ············································································.36
2.2 Windows 10 基础 ················································································.37
2.2.1 Windows 10 的启动和关闭 ····························································.37
2.2.2 Windows 10 桌面 ········································································.38
2.2.3 “开始”菜单 ·············································································.41
2.2.4 任务栏 ·····················································································.42
2.2.5 窗口 ························································································.43
2.3 文件及文件夹 ····················································································.45
2.3.1 文件及文件夹的概念 ···································································.46
2.3.2 文件及文件夹的管理 ···································································.46
2.4 Windows 10 控制面板 ··········································································.49
2.4.1 鼠标设置 ··················································································.50
2.4.2 键盘设置 ··················································································.51
2.4.3 区域设置 ··················································································.51
2.4.4 程序的安装和卸载 ······································································.52
2.4.5 用户账户 ··················································································.53
2.5 操作系统的个性化设置 ········································································.54
2.5.1 背景设置 ··················································································.55
2.5.2 颜色设置 ··················································································.55
2.5.3 锁屏界面设置 ············································································.56
2.5.4 主题设置 ··················································································.58
2.5.5 “开始”菜单设置 ·······································································.58
2.5.6 任务栏设置 ···············································································.60
项目3 文档处理 ······························································································.62
3.1 文档的基本操作 ·················································································.63
3.1.1 WPS 2019 的启动和退出 ······························································.63
3.1.2 WPS 2019 的文档操作界面 ···························································.63
3.1.3 文档的基本操作 ·········································································.65
3.1.4 文本的输入与编辑 ······································································.68
3.1.5 字符格式化 ···············································································.73
3.1.6 段落格式化 ···············································································.75
3.1.7 项目符号与编号 ·········································································.77
3.1.8 分栏及首字下沉 ·········································································.79
3.1.9 页面设置 ··················································································.79
3.1.10 打印预览及打印 ·······································································.82
3.2 应用形状、图片 ·················································································.89
3.2.1 形状的插入、编辑和修饰 ·····························································.89
3.2.2 图片的插入和编辑 ······································································.94
3.2.3 文本框的插入和编辑 ···································································.96
3.2.4 艺术字的创建和编辑 ···································································.97
3.2.5 智能图形的插入和编辑 ································································.99
3.3 表格的操作和应用 ············································································.104
3.3.1 创建表格 ················································································.104
3.3.2 编辑表格 ················································································.105
3.3.3 设置表格的边框和底纹 ······························································.107
3.3.4 表格的自动套用格式 ·································································.108
3.3.5 表格的计算与排序功能 ······························································.109
3.4 长文档排版 ·····················································································.113
3.4.1 页眉、页脚的设置 ····································································.113
3.4.2 分页与分节 ·············································································.117
3.4.3 样式 ······················································································.118
3.4.4 编制目录和索引 ·······································································.119
3.4.5 文档的修订与批注 ····································································.120
项目4 电子表格处理 ·······················································································.124
4.1 工作簿和工作表的基本操作 ································································.125
4.1.1 表格的功能和工作界面 ······························································.125
4.1.2 管理工作簿 ·············································································.126
4.1.3 管理工作表 ·············································································.126
4.1.4 行和列的基本操作 ····································································.129
4.1.5 数据输入 ················································································.132
4.1.6 格式化工作表 ··········································································.134
4.2 公式和函数的使用 ············································································.141
4.2.1 单元格引用 ·············································································.141
4.2.2 输入与编辑公式 ·······································································.142
4.2.3 使用函数 ················································································.142
4.3 数据处理 ························································································.148
4.3.1 数据排序 ················································································.148
4.3.2 数据筛选 ················································································.150
4.3.3 分类汇总 ················································································.152
4.3.4 有效性数据设置 ·······································································.153
4.3.5 条件格式设置 ··········································································.156
4.4 图表分析数据 ··················································································.161
4.4.1 使用图表分析数据 ····································································.161
4.4.2 使用数据透视表分析数据 ···························································.165
4.4.3 使用数据透视图分析数据 ···························································.170
项目5 演示文稿制作 ·······················································································.177
5.1 制作演示文稿 ··················································································.178
5.1.1 演示文稿的基本操作 ·································································.178
5.1.2 幻灯片的基本操作 ····································································.180
5.1.3 插入图片 ················································································.182
5.1.4 插入艺术字 ·············································································.182
5.1.5 插入形状和文本框 ····································································.183
5.1.6 插入表格 ················································································.183
5.1.7 插入多媒体 ·············································································.184
5.2 模板及母版的使用 ············································································.193
5.2.1 应用模板制作演示文稿 ······························································.193
5.2.2 制作母版 ················································································.197
5.2.3 使用母版 ················································································.199
5.3 幻灯片动画设计 ···············································································.207
5.3.1 设置幻灯片的切换动画 ······························································.207
5.3.2 设置幻灯片的动画效果 ······························································.209
5.3.3 插入超链接 ·············································································.213
5.3.4 添加交互动作 ··········································································.215
5.4 演示文稿放映和导出 ·········································································.219
5.4.1 放映前的准备 ··········································································.219
5.4.2 控制放映流程 ··········································································.222
5.4.3 导出演示文稿 ··········································································.225
项目6 信息检索 ·····························································································.231
6.1 信息检索基础 ··················································································.231
6.1.1 信息检索的概念 ·······································································.231
6.1.2 信息检索的要素 ·······································································.232
6.1.3 信息检索的基本流程 ·································································.233
6.1.4 信息检索的方法 ·······································································.234
6.2 使用信息检索 ··················································································.235
6.2.1 搜索引擎的使用 ·······································································.235
6.2.2 期刊数据库检索 ·······································································.239
项目7 信息素养与社会责任 ··············································································.242
7.1 信息素养 ························································································.242
7.1.1 信息素养的概念 ·······································································.242
7.1.2 信息素养的主要要素 ·································································.243
7.1.3 提高信息素养的途径 ·································································.245
7.2 信息技术的发展 ···············································································.245
7.2.1 信息技术的发展史 ····································································.245
7.2.2 树立正确的职业理念 ·································································.246
7.3 信息伦理与职业行为自律 ···································································.247
7.3.1 信息伦理概述 ··········································································.247
7.3.2 与信息伦理相关的法律法规 ························································.248
7.3.3 职业行为自律 ··········································································.248
项目8 新一代信息技术概述 ··············································································.250
8.1 5G 与物联网 ····················································································.250
8.1.1 5G 概述 ·················································································.251
8.1.2 5G 网络与物联网的融合发展 ······················································.251
8.2 云计算、大数据与人工智能 ································································.252
8.2.1 云计算概述 ····8.2.2 大数据概述 ·············································································.254
8.2.3 云计算、大数据与人工智能的融合发展 ·········································.255
8.3 VR/AR/MR 技术 ···············································································.256
8.3.1 VR 概述 ·················································································.256
8.3.2 AR 概述 ·················································································.257
8.3.3 MR 概述 ················································································.257
8.3.4 VR/AR/MR 技术的应用 ·····························································.258
项目9 信息安全 ·····························································································.261
9.1 信息安全意识 ··················································································.261
9.1.1 建立信息安全意识 ····································································.262
9.1.2 常见的网络欺诈行为 ·································································.262
9.2 信息安全概述 ··················································································.264
9.2.1 信息安全概念 ··········································································.264
9.2.2 信息安全基本要素 ····································································.265
9.2.3 网络安全等级保护 ····································································.265
9.3 信息安全常见威胁及防御 ···································································.266
9.3.1 计算机病毒与防治 ····································································.266
9.3.2 分布式拒绝服务攻击及防御 ························································.267
9.3.3 木马的攻击与防治 ····································································.268
9.4 信息安全应用 ··················································································.270
9.4.1 使用杀毒软件查杀计算机病毒 ·····················································.270
9.4.2 防火墙管理 ·············································································.271
项目10 程序设计基础 ·····················································································.273
10.1 程序设计基础知识 ···········································································.273
10.1.1 程序设计概述 ········································································.274
10.1.2 程序设计语言 ········································································.274
10.1.3 程序设计过程 ········································································.275
10.2 Python 程序设计 ·············································································.276
10.2.1 Python 语言简介 ·····································································.276
10.2.2 Python 开发环境配置 ·······························································.277
10.2.3 Python 程序运行方式 ·······························································.281
10.2.4 数据类型 ··············································································.283
10.2.5 常量和变量 ···········································································.285
10.2.6 运算符 ·················································································.288
10.2.7 函数 ····················································································.290
10.2.8 程序结构 ··············································································.295
10.2.9 程序的流程控制 ·····································································.300
10.2.10 错误和异常处理 ····································································.301
项目11 人工智能 ···························································································.307
11.1 人工智能基础知识 ···········································································.307
11.1.1 人工智能的定义 ·····································································.307
11.1.2 人工智能的发展 ·····································································.308
11.2 人工智能核心技术 ···········································································.308
11.2.1 计算机视觉 ···········································································.308
11.2.2 机器学习 ··············································································.309
11.2.3 深度学习 ··············································································.309
11.2.4 自然语言处理 ········································································.309
11.2.5 知识图谱 ··············································································.310
11.2.6 人机交互 ··············································································.310
11.2.7 自主无人系统技术 ··································································.310
11.3 人工智能技术应用 ···········································································.310