心理学纲要（第10版，英文版）_【美】罗伯特·费尔德曼(Robert S.Felsman)_9787115385536

　　这部由罗伯特·费尔德曼撰写的《心理学纲要》（Essentials of Understanding Psychology）在英美等国被300多所大学采用，是受欢迎的导论性心理学教材之一。本书即影印自该教材的新第10版。

　　《心理学纲要（第10版，英文版）》分为14章，依次为：心理学导言，神经科学与行为，感觉与知觉，意识状态，学习，记忆，思维、语言与智力，动机与情绪，发展，人格，健康心理学，心理障碍，心理障碍的治疗，社会心理学。在此基础上，全书进一步划分为46个独立的模块，读者可以根据自己的兴趣有选择地阅读。这种独树一帜的模块化设计，不仅适应于课堂教学，也非常适合普通读者来自学。

　　从第1版到第10版，作者始终秉持“把学生放在首位”的宗旨，致力于吸引学生的注意，将心理学知识传授给学生，进而激发学生的兴趣，帮助他们将心理学与日常世界建立起联系。作者的语言简练，生动形象，书中的各种教辅材料，如各种精美图片、互动游戏、视频及题库，更是为教师的课堂教学和学生的自主学习提供了全面解决方案。

　　本书特别适合用作普通心理学双语教学课教材或参考读物，也适合喜欢直接读英文原著的心理学爱好者阅读。

　　Psychologists at Work
　　Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. The simplicity of this defi nition is in some ways deceiving, concealing ongoing debates about how broad the scope of psychology should be. Should psychologists limit themselves to the study of outward, observable behavior? Is it possible to study thinking scientifically? Should the field encompass the study of such diverse topics as physical and mental health, perception, dreaming, and motivation? Is it appropriate to focus solely on human behavior, or should the behavior of other species be included?
　　Most psychologists would argue that the field should be receptive to a variety of viewpoints and approaches. Consequently, the phrase behavior and mental processes in the definition of psychology must be understood to mean many things: It encompasses not just what people do but also their thoughts, emotions, perceptions, reasoning processes, memories, and even the biological activities that maintain bodily functioning.
　　Psychologists try to describe, predict, and explain human behavior and mental processes, as well as helping to change and improve the lives of people and the world in which they live. They use scientific methods to find answers that are far more valid and legitimate than those resulting from intuition and speculation, which are often inaccurate (see Figure 1).
　　The Subfields of Psychology: Psychology’s Family Tree
　　As the study of psychology has grown, it has given rise to a number of subfields (described in Figure 2). The subfields of psychology can be likened to an extended family, with assorted nieces and nephews, aunts and uncles, and cousins who, although they may not interact on a day-to-day basis, are related to one another, because they share a common goal: understanding behavior. One way to identify the key subfields is to look at some of the basic questions about behavior that they address.
　　WHAT ARE THE BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF BEHAVIOR?
　　In the most fundamental sense, people are biological organisms. Behavioral neuroscience is the subfield of psychology that mainly examines how the brain and the nervous system—but other biological processes as well—determine behavior. Thus, neuroscientists consider how our bodies influence our behavior. For example, they may examine the link between specific sites in the brain and the muscular tremors of people affected by Parkinson’s disease or attempt to determine how our emotions are related to physical sensations. Behavioral neuroscientists might want to know what physiological changes occurred as movie patrons in the theater where Batman was showing realized they were being shot at.
　　HOW DO PEOPLE SENSE, PERCEIVE, LEARN, AND THINK ABOUT THE WORLD?
　　If you have ever wondered why you are susceptible to optical illusions, how your body registers pain, or how to make the most of your study time, an experimental psychologist can answer your questions. Experimental psychology is the branch of psychology that studies the processes of sensing, perceiving, learning, and thinking about the world. (The term experimental psychologist is somewhat misleading: Psychologists in every specialty area use experimental techniques.)
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