本书以入选教育部和重庆市两级的精品视频课程“幼儿文学”为基础。全书分为幼儿文学理论篇、发展篇、文体篇和实践篇四部分。其中,理论篇紧紧围绕幼儿文学的核心理论展开,简练而精准;实践篇力求多方面、多角度深入挖掘幼儿文学的具体使用方式,从而实现高校课程与社会实践需要的对接。本书尝试探寻幼儿文学与“幼儿园语言教育”“幼儿教师语言”课程之间的关系,整合相关课程的特点,以实用、好用,以及让学前教育专业的学生、一线幼儿教师和幼儿家长乐用为原则,使幼儿文学真正起到为幼儿精神发展奠基的作用。
这次修订,一方面,在每章都补充一节内容——“理论与实践”,以满足一线幼儿教师在工作实践中存在的实际需求。另一方面,根据学科发展和广大读者的使用反馈,更新一些理论案例,同时补充幼儿戏剧活动的相应内容等。
瞿亚红
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瞿亚红,重庆师范大学副教授,《当代幼教》杂志主编,全国师范院校儿童文学研究会副理事长,重庆师范大学西部儿童文学研究所所长,西部幼儿戏剧活动研究中心主任。长期从事幼儿文学和幼儿戏剧、幼儿语言教育、幼儿教师语言的教学研究。完成建设国家层级课程两门:“幼儿文学与幼儿成长”“幼儿教师语言技能”,承担数个重庆市重点教改项目和市科协项目,发表论文10多篇,出版教材8本,其中在我社出版2本。
第一章 幼儿文学理论篇 ·····················································································1
第一节 概说 ·····································································································2
一、如何理解幼儿文学 ··················································································3
二、幼儿与幼儿文学的拥抱 ··········································································6
三、成人与幼儿文学之间的距离 ·································································10
四、幼儿文学的文体分类 ············································································15
第二节 幼儿文学的特征 ················································································18
一、推开探索世界的窗户 ············································································18
二、幼儿文学独特的趣味 ············································································20
第三节 幼儿园的文学活动 ············································································27
一、幼儿园语言领域的文学活动 ·································································27
二、幼儿园一日生活各环节的文学活动 ·····················································32
第二章 幼儿文学发展篇 ···················································································47
第一节 西方幼儿文学发展史 ········································································48
一、孕育期 ···································································································48
二、萌芽期(14—17 世纪) ·········································································50
三、发展期(18 世纪) ·················································································51
四、成熟期(19 世纪) ·················································································52
五、多元期(20 世纪以来) ·········································································54
第二节 拉丁美洲和日本幼儿文学发展史 ·····················································64
一、拉丁美洲幼儿文学发展史 ····································································64
二、日本幼儿文学发展史 ············································································66
第三节 中国幼儿文学发展史 ········································································72
一、发轫草创期 ···························································································72
二、初步兴盛期 ···························································································73
三、高度繁荣期 ···························································································75
四、美学回归期 ···························································································76
第三章 幼儿文学文体篇 ···················································································81
第一节 幼儿诗歌 ···························································································82
一、儿歌 ······································································································82
二、幼儿诗 ·································································································112
第二节 幼儿故事 ·························································································156
一、幼儿神话传说故事 ··············································································156
二、幼儿童话故事 ·····················································································163
三、幼儿生活故事 ·····················································································179
第三节 幼儿散文 ·························································································195
一、幼儿散文概说 ·····················································································195
二、幼儿散文的特征 ·················································································196
三、幼儿散文的分类 ·················································································200
四、幼儿散文鉴赏与经典作品推介 ···························································205
第四节 幼儿绘本 ·························································································214
一、绘本的内涵 ·························································································214
二、绘本的图文关系 ·················································································216
三、绘本的文学性 ·····················································································217
四、绘本中图画的叙事特色 ······································································219
五、幼儿绘本经典作品推介 ······································································221
第五节 幼儿戏剧 ·························································································232
一、幼儿戏剧概说 ·····················································································232
二、狭义的幼儿戏剧与广义的幼儿戏剧的区别与共同特点 ·····················233
三、幼儿戏剧的分类 ·················································································234
四、幼儿戏剧经典作品推介 ······································································235
第六节 幼儿动画 ·························································································239
一、幼儿动画概说 ·····················································································239
二、动画与幼儿 ·························································································242
三、幼儿动画经典作品推介 ······································································243
第四章 幼儿文学实践篇 ·················································································247
第一节 幼儿文学各种文体的创编 ·······························································248
一、幼儿诗歌的创作 ·················································································248
二、幼儿童话的改编 ·················································································254
三、幼儿生活故事的创作 ··········································································257
四、幼儿散文的创作 ·················································································261
五、幼儿绘本的创作 ·················································································263
六、幼儿戏剧剧本的改编 ··········································································271
第二节 优秀幼儿文学作品的选择方法 ·······················································276
一、主题:充满儿童精神 ··········································································276
二、内容:符合幼儿发展需要 ··································································277
三、表达:浅与深的结合 ··········································································277
四、选择优秀幼儿文学作品的其他建议 ···················································278
第三节 幼儿文学作品的家庭阅读方法 ·······················································282
一、家庭阅读的要求 ·················································································282
二、具体的阅读方法 ·················································································284
第四节 幼儿文学作品的具体实践方法 ·······················································289
一、儿歌表演 ·····························································································289
二、幼儿诗朗读 ·························································································291
三、故事讲述 ·····························································································291
四、幼儿绘本讲述 ·····················································································292
五、幼儿戏剧活动组织 ··············································································296
参考文献 ············································································································300